So how many smart devices do we deal with every day? Is it only computers, phones or household appliances (TV - washing machine - air conditioning), or the calculators that students use every day?
What about the digital devices in hospitals (heart devices - anesthesia - radiology - analysis - etc.), factories (digital meters - control devices - etc.), and banks (monitoring tools - digital lockers - tools for counting and collecting money - and others).
All of these devices we need to talk to every day, and like us humans we need common languages that we can communicate and understand by the other side.
Intelligent machines and computers that depend on processors need someone to communicate with them, and tell them what we want specifically in a language they understand… Here comes the role of programming languages, which our article will revolve around today.
Our article today about programming languages is considered an introduction to the world of programming, and anyone who is curious about this world can look at it to know its dimensions… If this curiosity is strong enough that this article will make you want to learn programming.
Therefore, this article is just an appetizer for you, dear reader, and for us here at Seo7u; This article is just the beginning of guides, chains, and comprehensive explanations about programming, and how to learn it in various disciplines.
I guess you're as excited as I am... So let's get started and waste no more time.
What is programming?
Programming, in short, is the process of preparing a set of instructions that we give to any computer, in order to perform a certain task or obtain a predetermined result.
A computer of all kinds is a very stupid machine, it does not know how to behave at all, and it needs us to direct and give clear specific instructions.
Imagine that you are describing to someone how to make a dish that you like… but this person is blind and does not see, then you will describe everything to him step by step.
You will tell him each movement he makes in the exact order so that he gets every ingredient he will use in cooking, and every tool he will rely on, and then how to prepare these ingredients until you get the recipe ready.
Because there are many devices or computers, there are also different ways to communicate with them… This is where different programming languages come in.
Read also: What is programming? Short and easy to understand practical explanation for everyone
What is a programming language?
A programming language is a tool that we use to give the computer the instructions it needs to carry out a specific software task… In a simpler sense, it is a way we communicate with any specific computer or device in order to tell it how to act to give us what we want.
The computer works with electricity, so it only understands “Is the electricity working (On) or off”, or in other words, it only understands binary numbers (1 and 0)… those that I studied in modern physics in the study.
Ordinary humans would find it difficult to understand and write binary numbers, especially if the devices they deal with consist of complex circuits.
That is why the need arose for a way in which we can convert the way we humans speak into a language that a computer can understand, without the need to use binary numbers directly... This is the programming language in a nutshell.
And just as it is the case since ancient times when people learned basic words, then different languages appeared and became evolving and changing to facilitate life... Different programming languages also appeared to facilitate dealing with computers.
You can watch this simple video to get a clearer picture:
Software terms you should know
There are a set of common definitions that you will meet while looking for the most popular programming languages or programming in general… Let me present them to you in an easy and simple way.
1. Syntax
Every language has agreed-upon grammar (like the Grammar in English) that helps us write useful sentences that anyone can understand.
Each programming language also has rules, an agreed upon way to be written so that any programmer can easily understand and use it anywhere in the world… These rules are the Syntax.
2. Classification of programming language in terms of dealing with hardware
There are many classifications of programming languages, and perhaps the most important one is to determine how close any language is to the way a computer understands what is called a machine language.
There are two types of languages in this classification:
Low Level Languages: These are languages that are very close to the language of machines, such as the C language, the Assembly language, and others.
High Level Languages: These are languages that move away from the language of machines and approach our normal language… such as Java, Python, JavaScript, and others.
Don't worry, we'll talk about the aforementioned languages in detail... just follow along!
3. Classification of programming languages in terms of how they work
This classification depends on the way the language deals with instructions and converts them into binary codes for computers to understand. There are two types of programming languages in this classification:
1.Compiled Programming Languages: These languages themselves translate instructions and convert them once into code, and the programmer is responsible here for this process.
Languages like C, C++, C#, Go... are all compiled languages, and they are widely used.
2.Interpreted Programming Languages: These languages depend on an intermediary or an interpreter to convert instructions into codes that the computer can understand... and this process is not for the programmer to be responsible.
3.Languages like Javascript and Python are interpreted languages
An exception in this classification is Java, which can be one of two types depending on the level of use… Don't worry you don't need to know how this is done now unless you decide to learn Java.
Read also:
4. Programming style
There are many methods in which the programming process takes place and are similar between languages… such as writing methods or rules that common languages share, especially of the same origin (such as English and French).
The most important of these methods are:
1. Object-oriented programming - OOP: In this approach, any element of the language is treated as an object that we must define and then decide how to deal with.
This type of programming is found in languages such as Javascript and Java.
2. Structured Programming: In this method, the language elements are treated as a set of steps or successive instructions.
This type of programming is found in all the languages of the C family and the GO language…most of the low-level languages deal in this way.
It is not important that you now understand these definitions very deeply… All I wanted was for you to get to know them so that you understand that dealing with programming languages is very similar to dealing with the normal languages that we use every day.
Read also: What is artificial intelligence, its most important concepts and its impact on employment
The most popular programming languages and their most important uses
Before I talk to you about what are the most popular programming languages and their different uses, you might ask yourself how we prepared this list… Let me answer you!
Every year, Stackoverflow, which is one of the largest and most relied upon by programmers around the world, conducts a survey of programmers
This survey is a reference for many specialists, and that is why we relied on it in this guide, especially since one of its most important points is the “most popular programming languages” that are used by professionals in various jobs.
This list also reflects the popularity and importance of programming languages in the labor market in the world, and this is what you can verify for yourself through various employment sites.
On this basis - in addition to our personal experience in the field of programming - the information in this guide has been arranged and collected... In order for this guide not to be too long, we will only mention the 12 most popular programming languages.
Because if we talk about more than that, this article will turn into a book... As I mentioned earlier; I just want you to get excited about programming and put your foot in this sea without any fear.
Read also: How to Learn Cyber Security (All Resources and Information 2022)
And now let's start viewing our list of the 12 most popular programming languages:
1. Javascript language
It is one of the most famous and widely used programming languages in the world, and most websites and web pages rely on it because it is responsible for displaying any variable content such as:
Content that appears on the site after a specified time (such as notification boxes - registration application forms).
Interactive maps (eg Google Maps).
Animation.
Media players (eg soundcloud player).
Any content that changes based on visitor behavior or time, is often based on JavaScript.
This is not all, there is the back-end of the sites, which is for dealing with servers and databases, which is based on Node.Js.
If you don't know Node.Js; It is a software framework that enables us to use JavaScript in dealing with servers… When this framework was developed in 2009, it made a leap in the use of JavaScript, because it performed many tasks simultaneously.
This is in addition to the great speed, accuracy and ease of the programming process, which has made Node.Js a powerful alternative to many other programming languages – the most important of which you will find in this guide.
The most important companies that rely on JavaScript
JavaScript has many uses, as I mentioned earlier; Any browser depends on this other than the great capabilities offered by the Node.Js framework, which is why you find many giants rely on JavaScript such as:
1. Google: Google owns the Google Chrome browser, and also offers many products and services on websites, which rely mainly on JavaScript.
Because of this great dependence, some programmers at Google have developed the famous Angular.js framework, which is used in developing web applications.
2. Microsoft: I don't think you overlook Microsoft's Edge browser, which is one of the best internet browsers at the moment... Microsoft definitely needs JavaScript to develop it.
This is in contrast to the company's recent reliance on Node.Js to develop many of its services, such as Azure Cloud.
3. Paypal: PayPal, the leading provider of electronic banking and money transfer services, relied on JavaScript to develop its website and services.
And after the emergence of Node.Js, PayPal became highly dependent on it in dealing with servers and customer databases.
4. Netflix: Netflix relies heavily on JavaScript, and has replaced the Java language with Node.Js to facilitate site development and increase efficiency and speed.
5. Facebook Inc. If you try to stop JavaScript from working in your browser, you will not be able to access your Facebook account.
This shows you how much Facebook depends on JavaScript… Because of the importance of this language to Facebook, some programmers have developed the famous React.JS framework, which is widely used by web developers around the world.
I think you have now realized the size and importance of JavaScript, and it is the bedrock of anyone who wants to become a professional web developer.
Complete the article and do not rush!
2. My HTML/CSS language
HTML and CSS are not considered actual programming languages, because they do not contain the possibility of performing logical operations such as (calculations - data recording) and others... Let me explain to you more by addressing each language separately:
a. HTML
HTML is an acronym for Hypertext Markup Language, ... In simple words, HTML is a set of instructions that are used to structure web pages.
Any page on the web that relies on HTML like the page you're reading these lines on now, because it's responsible for determining the:
Headings, whether main or sub.
Menus (like the main menu you see at the top of the page).
and (Paragraph).
and other essential components of any web page, which are used and manipulated by other programming languages such as JavaScript.
We can say that HTML is just the basic instructions that a browser relies on to understand the basic content of different web pages, and then translate it into what you see on any website.
HTML was developed by the famous programmer Tim Berners-Lee in 1993, and with time many new instructions were added to facilitate the development of websites, most notably in 2014 with the release of HTML 5.
B. CSS
The word CSS is an acronym for Cascading Style Sheets, … in simple words CSS is a set of code that is used to format pages.
What is meant here is the format:
Define line spacing and different headings.
Define colors.
Locate different items on any page.
I want you to see the usefulness of CSS for yourself, add this tool to your Chrome browser - and by the way, it's a great tool for web developers and programmers in general.
After installing and running the extension, you will find in the main menu the word CSS, click on it while visiting any web page, and choose (Disable Styles then Disable All Styles), and you will see for yourself what any page on the Internet looks like when using only html.
Read also: Make money online (10 golden tips that will make a difference)
CSS was developed by programmer Håkon Wium Lie in 1994, to add aesthetics to web pages and make information consumption better and easier.
You can say that there is no web page without HTML and CSS, so there is no web developer who does not know them well, and that is why they will have a large share in the guide I told you about earlier.
3. SQL language
SQL is an acronym for Structured Query Language, ... In simple words, SQL is the language that is used to manipulate and manipulate databases in different ways.
You can imagine SQL as the instructions you give the famous excel program to build tables, modify different columns and columns, add and delete information and perform various calculations.
The SQL language is very simple because its (Syntax) is similar to the regular English language we use (Select - Add - Delete - Create) and so on.
You will find SQL used in almost all servers for websites and applications of all kinds and uses, and this is what made it the third most popular and used programming language.
It is worth noting that this language was developed by researchers at IBM in the 1970s, namely Raymond Boyce and Donald D. Chamberlin.
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4. Python
Python is an interpreted and versatile programming language, meaning that you can use it for almost all tasks in the programming world, such as:
web development
Building computer programs (Desktop Apps)
Mobile Application Development
game development
(Data analysis – Data science)
Writing various scripts to perform specific and quick tasks
Develop various artificial intelligence applications
The reason why Python has been gaining popularity since it was developed in 1991 by genius programmer Guido van Rossum is because of its simplicity.
The scripting of this language is simple and easy, and it is very similar to English unlike many other programming languages… which made Python attract many beginners in the programming world.
For this reason, many institutes and educational institutions begin to teach new students the principles of computer science and programming through the Python language.
Read also: Programming guide for beginners (how and where to start)
The most important companies that depend on the Python language
You will be surprised to know how many Python-based companies and applications you use every day:
1. YouTube: Yes, the largest video platform in the world, and the second most popular search engine, written and developed almost entirely in Python.
2. Instagram: Instagram started with just 11 employees, and the entire app was initially written using one of the Python frameworks called Django.
3. Facebook Inc. It is true that the Facebook app relies heavily on JavaScript, but according to Facebook itself, 21% of all the code and software that Facebook relies on is written entirely in Python.
4. Netflix: It is true that Netflix relies heavily on JavaScript, but the (Suggestions) engine that collects and analyzes users' data and recommends different shows for them to watch is completely based on Python.
5. Amazon: The e-commerce giant in the world relies on Python to build its famous suggestion engine, which was one of the most important reasons why Amazon dominates this field in the world.
6. Uber: Uber relies heavily on the Python language to provide its services, due to a lot of calculations and data collection, which is why they chose this wonderful language.
There is a popular saying among programmers at Google that “Python where we can, C++ where we must” means that they try to use Python for anything.
Read also:
Make money from programming through YouTube (explanation of everything you need)
5. Java language
Java is also a versatile programming language, which is relied upon for many tasks, especially in the development of mobile applications, games, and high-level computing programs.
Java was developed at Sun Microsystems by famous programmer James Gosling u in 1996, which was subsequently acquired by the giant Oracle.
That is why you find the Java language commonly used in developing applications for commercial companies in various fields, especially in the banking sector, various banking services and online payments, and for this you find giant companies such as Amazon and E-Bay that rely heavily on the Java language.
Also, the Java language has the lion's share in the development of Android applications, which is why it is in great demand in the labor market all over the world.
The most important features of the Java language is its efficiency in building graphics-based applications, or what is known as (GUI Apps - Graphic User Interfaces).
The Java language is also widely used in game development, for example, the famous Minecraft game based on the Java language. All this made Java become one of the most popular and widely used programming languages.
6. C#
C# is a multi-use programming language that has its place, although it was launched in the late 2000s by a specialized team at Microsoft.
This is one of the reasons for the popularity of this language, as it is one of the best options that programmers rely on in building desktop applications for the Windows operating system.
What is unique about this language is that it has tried to combine many of the features of other languages such as Java and C - which we will talk about later - and that is why it is easy to learn for many programmers who have experience with those languages.
There are many companies around the world that rely on the C language, especially in the field of games, because one of the most famous game engines in the world Unity was built by C and C.
And if you didn't know; Unity Engine is used to build hundreds of games like the popular Pokémon Go and many more.
7. PHP
PHP is (Scripting Programming Language) used in the field of web development, especially with regard to dealing with the server.
PHP was originally a set of different applications written in Perl, which were then compiled and arranged into what they are now.
PHP has gone through many stages of development, starting with its release in 1994, and then being rewritten again by other programmers in 1997.
The most important companies that rely on PHP
Content management systems such as WordPress, Joomla and others.
Wikipedia site.
Yahoo site.
PHP still has its place in the market and is needed by many web developers.
8. TypeScript language
TypeScript is considered JavaScript with some modifications. The JavaScript language is dynamic, and this is what makes dealing with it sometimes lead to some errors.
For example, the programmer may easily make a mistake in confusing the types of variables (numbers or letters), which causes malfunctions in different applications... That is why the TypeScript language was developed.
TypeScript is a static language in which everything is defined and defined, so applications written in it may be relatively larger in size, but it is more secure and problem-solving.
TypeScript was developed by Microsoft, and it was launched in 2012, and since that time it has been used on a larger scale every year, especially since it is very easy to learn, especially since many programmers know the JavaScript language well.
TypeScript is a practical example of the development and modification of programming languages in general, and the desire of experienced programmers to facilitate the process of programming and application development and make it more efficient and less expensive with the passage of the endowment.
9. C++
C++ is a versatile programming language developed in 1980 by the programmer Bjarne Stroustrup in one of the laboratories of the famous American company AT&T in the field of communications.
C++ language is one of the most famous programming languages, because it was developed to be an extension of the C language, and for this reason it has the same uses and characteristics that we will talk about in the next item.
10. C language
The C language is one of the most important programming languages ever, because its development process is a watershed stage in the history of computer science in general.
The C language was developed by one of the most famous and best computer scientists of all time, Dennis Ritchie in 1972, who is considered by many to be the godfather of programming.
The C language is the basis that was used to develop the other programming languages that we talked about earlier. Java, Python, C#, SQL, and others were written and developed using the C language.
C language is a versatile language based on the principle of (Structured Programming), and it is a low-level language.
C language is characterized by high speed and accuracy, because through it you control the way the computer itself works in terms of using the processor (Processor) and temporary memory (RAM).
The most important companies that rely on the C . language
1. Microsoft, Apple and Google: They rely on C language, because it is the basis for developing Windows, Mac, IOS, Android and the various programs that run on these systems.
2. Adobe: It relies on the C language to develop its famous programs such as Photoshop, After effects, and other programs that millions of people around the world rely on.
3. NASA: It relies on the C language to develop its programs, especially those related to missile control, because C is very fast in executing commands.
I can talk about the uses of C and the companies that rely on it in a whole volume, but I think you've got the main idea, and you know why C is one of the most famous and ancient programming languages of all time.
11. Go language
Go is a multi-use open source language, developed by a specialized team at Google in 2009, and the rate of its use is increasing day by day.
Go is said to be the language of the 20th century. It was developed to do almost the same tasks faster and easier, which is why many companies have relied on it since its launch.
The most important companies that depend on the language of Go
Soundcloud Company
Twitch is currently owned by Amazon
Uber company
Google, which you rely on for many tasks now, especially in the development of cloud services provided by the Google Cloud platform.
The Go language competes with both C and Java in terms of speed, efficiency, and reducing the resources used in the development of various applications and programs, but it needs a greater effort to learn and use due to its modernity.
12. Kotlin language
Kotlin is one of the newest programming languages on this list. It was developed by a Russian team at JetBrains starting in 2010, and its official launch was in 2016.
Kotlin is a language that was originally developed to build mobile applications on Android with a higher speed and efficiency than Java and at a lower cost.
That is why Google announced in 2017 that it would rely on the Kotlin language in the development of the Android system itself, and this was the main reason behind the popularity of this language, and the start of its use by many developers.
The most important companies that rely on the Kotlin language
Evernote: One of the most popular time management and task management apps.
Coursera: The owner of one of the most popular online courses platforms.
Pinterest: The company that owns the famous Pinterest website and application in the world of social media, on which tens of millions of users depend.
Uber: Uber recently relied on Kotlin to develop its own app.
You probably won't find many jobs or companies that rely on Kotlin at the moment, because the language is new, and moving to it will take a lot of resources and time.
But many programmers expect to rely more on Kotlin with time because of its efficiency, and that it will gain a higher position in the coming years.
Read also: What is computer science and what are its fields and functions (comprehensive guide)
Conclusion of the article ... and your beginning in the world of programming
Programming is a wonderful world full of new, every day there is a programmer trying to develop tools and previous languages, and add features and features to facilitate the programming process and reduce the cost.
Every programming language I mentioned in this guide is an attempt to develop an older language… The same principle is found in various sciences and fields in all walks of life.
So feel free to enter this fun world full of knowledge and opportunities that will definitely change your life for the better… If you are excited and want to get started, we are here at Seo7u and we will help you.
One of the most important obstacles that stand in the way of new programmers is that they do not know what the basics of programming are, and how they can be learned from the best sources… So we are now working on providing comprehensive guides to help you with that.
This information will make you properly established in the world of web development, and open the way for you in one of the most important disciplines in the world of programming.
And this is just the beginning… We will issue guide after guide on how to learn programming in its various languages and specializations required in the labor market in practical ways that will help our dear readers from all over the world.
That's why I want you to start now and don't miss this opportunity, and I want you to follow us constantly so that you don't miss any new we publish.
I hope you don't hesitate to leave a comment below, especially if you have a question or inquiry, and see you soon!
